Flashcards › Ruck Anatomy of the Heart

Inferior Vena Cava Large venous vessel that collects deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body and deliveries it to the right arium Right Atrium thin walled upper rt chamber of the heart that recieves deoxygenated blood from the IVC and SVC Tricuspid Valve rt AV valve, three cusps that prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood backing up into rt atrium Right Ventricle Lower right chamber of the heart that pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary arteries Pulmonic Valve Right semilunar valve prevents backlflow of deoxygenated blood into rt ventricl Pulmonary Artery Great vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from rt side of heart to lungs for oxygenation Bicuspid Valve Lft AV valve between left atria and ventricle, two cusps that prevent backlflow of blood Left Ventricle Lft lower chamber, recieves oxygentaed blood from left atrium Myocardium Thick, muscle layer of the heart, allows for pumping function of the heart Endocardium inner epithelial lining of the chambers Aorta Great vessel arising from left venticle, delivers oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation Systemic Circulation Path of blood flow from left ventricle to all cells, tissues, capillaries of the body and returning to the right side of the heart Pulmonary Circulation Path of blood flow from rt ventricle to pulmonary capillaries for oxygenation and back to left atrium What opens and closes valves? Pressure created from ventricular contraction Chronotropic Effect Heart Rate Dromotropic Effect Speed of impulse Inotropic Effect Contractility Cardiac Output HRx SV Stroke Volume Amount of blood pumped by heart per beat Ejection Fraction Percentage of EDV pumped out of ventricle per conraction SA Node Pacemaker of the heart, initiates cardiac impluse Purkinje Fibers Branching system of electrical conduction that innervates myocardial conraction NSR Normal Sinus Rhythm Afterload Resistance the ventricles need to pump against Systole Myocardial Contraction Diastole Myocardial Relaxation LUB DUB sound heard when valves are closing, (S1, S2) Pericardial Effusion Excess fluid in pericardial sac that causes excess pressure on heart inhibiting Cardiac function Bradycardia HR <60 Tachycardia HR >100 Name two things that can effect force of Myocardial Contraction Starlings Law, Inotropic effect Coronary Arteries Arterial vessels supplying myocardium with oxygented blood, arises at base of Aorta Angina pectoralis Chest pain caused by cardiac ischemia Fight or Flight Sympathetic Nervous System Breed and feed Parasympathetic Nervous System Vagomimetic Mimics the effects of PNS stimulation Sympathomimetic the effects of SNS stimulation Aortic Stenosis Stiffening, rigid aortic valve can cause Lft Ventricular hypertrophy..increases afterload Left Heart Backward Failure Blood backs up into pulmonary system...pulm edema, resp issues Right Heart Backward Failure Blood backs up into systemic circulation...JVD, Peripheral edema,etc. AV Node second part of electrical conduction system that momentarily delays impulse in order to allow for ventricular filling Chapter 16 - 17