form of government in which citizens elect their leaders republic first ruler of the Roman Empire Augustus a group of different people or territories led by a single all-powerful ruler empire ruler of an empire emperor a religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christianity Roman emperor who declared an end to all attacks on Christians and allowed them to worship freely Constantine the eastern half of the former Roman Empire Byzantine Empire powerful ruler of the Byzantine Empire Justinian I a legal code that organized much of Byzantine life Justinian Code an official split of Christianity that led to two new Christian churches schism Christian church of the West Roman Catholic Christian church of the East Orthodox a picture made out of many small colored tiles or pieces of glass mosaic philosophy that stresses the importance of virtue, duty, and endurance in life Stoicism bridge-like structures that brought fresh water to Roman towns aqueduct The Expansion and Fall of Rome
Japan Vocabulary 