Flashcards › Med Term I Respiratory system

thoracostomy chest tube to drain a pleural effusion TB test Mantoux or TB Tine to determine past or present TB infection tracheostomy surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck thoracotomy major surgical incision into the chest thoracentesis surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space PFT pulmonary function tests that measure the lung capacity and volume and function spirometer measures the volume and rate of air passing in and out of the lung laryngoscopy visual exam of the voice box endotracheal intubation placement of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish an airway bronchoscopy endoscope inserted into the bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy, or collection of specimens pneumothorax collection of air in the pleural space pleurisy(pleuritis) inflammation of the pleura pleural effusion abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space TB tuberculosis infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis causing coughing with hemoptysis, wt loss, night sweats, and pleuritic pain sarcoidosis chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules or tubercles develop in the lungs and in other organs PE pulmonary embolism clost or other material lodges in vessels of the lungs pulmonary edema swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles pneumonia acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli pneumoconiosis abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis lung cancer malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease emphysema hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls atelectasis collapsed areas of alveoli CF cystic fibrosis inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick, mucous secretions that do not drain normally chronic bronchitis inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time bronchiectasis chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection in the lower lobes of the lung asthma inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction caused by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production pertussis highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx and trachea (whooping cough) epistaxis nosebleed diphtheria acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium (prevented by DPT vaccines) croup viral infection of the larynx characterized by a barking cough, and stridor usually affects infants and children auscultation listening to sounds of the body percussion tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure pleural rub friction rub rales(crackles) fluid in the alveoli sounds heard on auscultation rhonchi loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum stridor strained hich pitched loud sound made on inspiration wheeze continuous high-pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration sputum material expelled from the chest by coughing pharynx throat nasopharyngeal tissue adenoids oropharyngeal tissue tonsils windpipe trachea voicebox larynx epiglottis leaf like piece of cartilage tha prevents choking or aspiration of food parietal pleura outer layer of the pleura that lied nearer the ribs pleura lung covering around each lung visceral pleura inner layer of the pleura closest to each lung hilum area of the lung where the nerves, blood vessels, and bronchial tubes enter and exit apex top portion of each lung base bottom portion of each lung respiration breathing in and exhaling of air inspiration (inhalation) breathing in of oxygen expiration (exhalation) breathing out of carbon dioxide mediastinum area between the lungs pathway of air nose(nares), nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lung capillaries capn/o carbon dioxide nas/o nose orth/o straight or upright ox/o oxygen phon/o voice phren/o diaphragm pneum/o air, lung pulmon/o lung thorac/o chest -pnea breathing -ptysis spitting -thorax chest