____ is the study of people, places, and things and their interactions. Geography ____ runs from East to West and measures distances North and South of the Equator, from 0 to 90 degrees at the poles. They NEVER intersect and are also known as parallels. Latitude ____ runs from North to South and measures distances East and West, from 0 degrees at the Prime Meridian to 180 degrees at the International Date Line (IDL). They intersect at the North and South Poles and are called meridians. Longitude ____ means Earth in Greek and ____ means "to write about". Geo/graphy Five Themes Location, Place, Human Interaction, Movement, Region Two types of location Absolute/Relative Two ways to describe a place Physical and Human Characteristics The study and creation of maps. cartography The study of origins. etymology The study of change. morphology The study of the Earth's changing landforms. geomorphology The literal meaning of a word or phrase. denotation The interpretive meaning of a word or phrase. connotation Latitude runs from E to W and measures distances N and S from 0 to 90 degrees at the North and South Poles. Latitude lines are also known as ______. parallels Longitude runs from N to S and measures distances E and W of the Prime Meridian. Longitude lines measure from 0 to 180 degrees at the International Date Line (IDL). Longitude lines are vertical and known as _______. meridians Longitude is marked by meridians. Meridians are ______ lines that intersect at the poles. vertical Latitude is marked by parallels. Parallel lines _______ intersect. never Internal forces volcanism and seismic activity Three types of tectonic plate interactions. convergent (coming together), divergent (spreading apart), transverse (grinding in opposite directions) Convergent Zones include... converging and subduction zones Divergent zones include... seafloor spreading and rifting Transverse zones include... faults The four major layers of Earth. inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust The viscus elastic, bendable part of the mantle. asthenosphere The rock layers of the earth's crust. lithosphere Dense, hot, solid, nickel and iron. inner core Molten, moving, nickel and iron. outer core Thick rock. mantle Thin outer layer of rock. crust. The waters that include the vapor in the air, ground water, fresh and saltwater. hydrosphere The transformation of landforms by water, wind, and/or glaciers. mechanical weathering When water seeps into the crevasses of larger rocks, expands when it freezes, causing the rock to break. frost wedging When seeds grow in the crevasses of rock causing them to break. seed wedging When large pieces of rock fall from a mountain face, crashing, breaking, and pulverizing large rocks into smaller rocks and gravel. avalanche The breakdown of the chemical structure of rock caused by carbon dioxide and water. chemical weathering The debris deposited by rivers and streams on their banks and in deltas. sediment Deposits of silt moved by wind. loess Debris left behind by a retreating (melting) glacier. moraine Rocks that are polished and smoothed by running water. stones The most powerful force of external change on earth. moving water 0 degrees latitude. Equator 0 degrees longitude Prime Meridian 180 degrees longitude (E or W) International Date Line 90 degrees latitude, North or South. Poles (5 degrees N, 35 degrees E) coordinates Geography Vocabulary
Geography 