Flashcards › Flash Cards for 10.2 & 10.3

Omar Khayyam a Muslim poet, mathematician, and astronomer Muhammad the prophet and founder of Islam nomads people with no permanent home, who move from place to place in search of food, water, or pasture caravan a group of traders traveling together for safety Mecca an Arabian trading center and Muhammad's birthplace Muslim a follower of Islam mosque a Muslim house of worship Quran the holy book of Islam abandon to give up or leave foundation basis or support for something descendant a person who is related to an ancestor caliph a Muslim ruler Sufis a Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life sultan a Muslm ruler, particularly the ruler of the Ottoman Empire advance a movement forward tolerate to allow scholar learned person Five Pillars of Islam basic Muslim beliefs, regarded as sacred duties distinct not alike different regain to have again Yathrib a city north of Mecca, later renamed Medina hijra movement of Muslims from Mecca to Yathrib Sunnis believed that any truly religious Muslim man of Muhammad's tribe could lead the community Shiites believed that a ruler should be a man that was a direct descendant of Muhammad muezzin a man who calls Muslims to worship oasis an area of vegetation wthn a desert, fed by springs and underground water Bedouins nomadic, desert dwellers of Arabia that live in tents and move frequently in search of water Vocabulary for The Beginnings of Islam and Muslim Civilization